Surveillance for antiviral resistance.

Mass Spectrometry-Based Comparative Sequence Analysis for the Genetic Monitoring of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus

The pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus (pH1N1) contains novel gene segments of zoonotic origin that lack virulence and antiviral resistance markers. We aimed to evaluate the applicability and accuracy of mass spectrometry-based comparative sequence analysis (MSCSA) to detect genetic mutations associated with increased virulence or antiviral resistance in pH1N1. During the 2009 H1N1 pandemic...

The priorities for antiviral drug resistance surveillance and research.

The number of available antiviral drugs is growing fast. The emergence of drug-resistant viruses is well documented as a cause for drug failure. Such viruses also carry the potential for transmission, the risks for which vary according to specific viral transmission dynamics. This potential is best described for HIV and influenza. Resistance to the new generation of hepatitis C virus inhibitors...

ARHAI: antiviral resistance.

Development of antiviral resistance is a particular concern for the Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infections (ARHAI). Over the last 4 years, considerable time has been devoted to examining the ability of the UK to monitor the presence and transmission of antiviral resistance. Resistances to antiviral agents in influenza virus, HIV and hepatitis B and C...

The impact of wild-type reversion on transmitted resistance surveillance.

Consensus drug resistance mutations for epidemiological surveillance: basic principles and potential controversies.

Programmes that monitor local, national and regional levels of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance inform treatment guidelines and provide feedback on the success of HIV-1 treatment and prevention programmes. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established a global programme for genotypic surveillance of HIV-1 drug resistance and has recommended the adoption of a consensus definition of genot...

Influenza Virus Surveillance by the Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Influenza Season 2014: Antiviral Resistance

Neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors (NAIs) are the only antivirals that are effective for prophylaxis and the treatment of seasonal influenza A and B infections. There are currently two NAIs approved in most countries: oseltamivir (Tamiflu; F. Hoffmann La Roche) and zanamivir (Relenza; GlaxoSmithKline plc.). The development of drug resistance is a major drawback for any antiviral therapy, and these s...